The Republic of Estonia was founded February 24, 1918, when the Committee of Public Hi (Päästekomitee) proclaimed the independence of the Republic of Estonia.
The Independence Day was celebrated on that date until the Soviet occupation in 1940.
The Independence Day was celebrated on that date until the Soviet occupation in 1940.
During the Soviet occupation, the Independence Day was celebrated in Estonian communities around the world. Each
February 24, the U.S. secretary of state addressed his congratulations to Ernst Jaakson, diplomatic representative of the Republic of Estonia to the United States.
The February 24, 1989 , the red flag of Soviet Estonia, which floated on the hill Toompea was replaced by the Estonian national flag blue-black-white .
Since then, the Independence Day is a holiday again. This year Estonia is celebrating the 93rd anniversary of the declaration of independence .
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The quest for independence
For centuries, the Estonians had dreamed of founding a state that is not under foreign domination. The revolution of 1917 and the generally unstable situation in Russia, Estonia gave the opportunity to gain independence.
On 8 April 1917, the Estonian military organizations and a total of 40,000 people, organized in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) a demonstration for independence of Estonia. The peaceful demonstration achieved its goal when, on April 12, the Russian Provisional Government approved the Act on the Autonomy of Estonia which bound the government to the regions Livonian Estland Tartu, Võru, Viljandi, Pärnu and Saaremaa. For the first time, an Estonian, Jaan Poska was appointed government commissioner to Estland.
Diet sixty-two members, the Maapäev , was elected. The Maapäev appointed a national executive committee which began to organize and modernize local government and educational institutions. Before its dissolution forced by Bolshevik authorities and the imminent invasion of the German forces, the Maapäev takes a decisive step towards sovereignty by proclaiming November 15, 1917, the highest authority in Estonia.
For a short time,
the flag of the Estonian SSR & the Republic of Estonia
Waved side by side on Toompea Hill in Tallinn
The proclamation of independence
Elections Estonian Constituent Assembly took place on 3 and 4 February 1918. Parties supported the national independence obtained two thirds of the popular vote. In the context of the hasty retreat of Soviet forces and the advancing German forces, the Maapäev elects a public Hi ( Päästekomitee ) three members to whom he gave full powers to ensure business continuity of the diet. Hi Public Committee drafted a declaration of independence.
February 19, 1918, the Committee Alumni Maapaëv approved the manifesto and 24 February 1918, the Committee of Public Hi publicly proclaimed independent republic of Estonia and democratic.
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Signing of Tartu Peace Treaty With Soviet Russia on 2 February 1920
Having proclaimed its independence, Estonia was forced to wage a war of independence against Soviet Russia and German forces. During this war Estonia stabilizing its borders and February 2, 1920, she signed the Tartu Peace Treaty with Soviet Russia .
The restoration of independence
In the late 80s, hoping to restore the independence of the nation grew and Estonians began to publicly celebrate the Independence Day even before the end of Soviet occupation. Since the restoration of independence 20 August 1991, the Independence Day continues to be a day of celebration and reflection for the Estonians.
February 24, 2011: Celebration the 93rd anniversary the proclamation of national independence of the Republic of Estonia.
Days and times of ceremonies in Tallinn :
Wednesday, February 23
11:00 Wreath laying at the graves of persons of Estonian State
1:00 p.m. "Estonia thank" surrender of national decorations by the President of the Republic, Toomas Hendrik Ilves
Wednesday, February 24
7:33 Solemn ceremony of raising the flag atop the tower Pikk Hermann in Tallinn
9:00 Wreath laying at the monument to the war of independence on the square in Tallinn Vabaduse
Ecumenical Church Service 9:45 Independence Day in Dome Church Tallinn
11:00 Parade of the armed forces on the square in Tallinn Vabaduse
1:00 p.m. Awards scientific and cultural communities by Prime Minister Andrus Ansip
6:00 p.m. Concert and Independence Day Reception officially granted by the President of the Republic and Mrs Evelin Ilves in Tallinn, Estonia at the theater.
Source: http://www.est-emb.fr/estonie/
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